Wikipedia has an article all about Linux!
This is a very basic guide for people interested in getting started with linux! There are many good reasons to try linux from privacy, to escaping the hassle of big tech, to having interesting indie tools for your web crafting ~ however its also a very good way to learn about and get better with your computer!
There are many versions of linux to pick from called Distributions (or “distros”) and everyone likes to share their opinions on them. Some are directed at experienced users, while others are designed to be beginner friendly. For the sake of simplicity and consistency this guide will recommend you install Linux Mint as a beginner. It's a good all-around version thats well documented and will do everything you need starting out!
Installing linux is the same as installing a fresh OS on any computer. You will download a file (iso) that contains the Linux installer, you will then copy/etch that file to a USB stick, and finally you'll boot your computer into that USB stick and perform the actual install. This is necessary because like building a house, you cant live in your house while its being built; you cant start an OS on a hard drive while you are installing and OS to that hard drive; so we use the USB stick as a temporary construction cabin!
A basic install of Mint Linux comes with all the basic programs you'll need; it also comes with an program installer than will help you find others! If you have a Graphics Card you should check the Driver Manager app to make sure you have the correct Nvidia or AMD driver installed!
To do! There is a forum thread of reccomended apps here!